Game quality

What each result was worth beyond the score. Every play is graded by EPA (expected points added), then adjusted for who it came against: a defence's rating is what it allowed to everyone else that season, so a big day against a bad defence counts for less. Season views include playoff games.

Bailey Zappe — 2022

Adj EPA / dropback
+0.062
Raw EPA / dropback
+0.078
Dropbacks
98
Turnover EPA
-21.1
WPA
+0.26
WeekOpp DropbacksAdj EPA/dbRaw EPA/dbScheduleTotal adj EPA INT / FLTurnover EPASacksSack EPAWPACPOE
4GB 18 -0.251 -0.264 +0.013 -4.5 0 / 1 -4.7 3 -5.6 -0.28 +1.1
5DET 21 +0.221 +0.312 -0.091 +4.6 1 / 0 -3.8 0 +0.0 +0.07 +13.2
6CLE 36 +0.277 +0.234 +0.043 +10.0 0 / 1 -4.2 2 -6.0 +0.31 +9.8
7CHI 23 -0.173 -0.110 -0.064 -4.0 2 / 0 -8.5 1 -2.5 +0.16 -4.1
Opponent adjustment. A unit's rating for a game is its average over its other games that season, blended with 16 games' worth of prior (league average plus half of last season's gap from it; 24 games for pass defence, which is noisier). Early in a season that leans on last year; by midseason it is mostly this year. Chosen by how well it predicts a held-out game: it cut that error by about a quarter against no shrinkage, and adjusted numbers agree between odd and even weeks more than raw ones do (team EPA margin r 0.52 → 0.55, defence 0.32 → 0.36, QB EPA/dropback 0.47 → 0.49, 2016–2025).
Win expectancy is a logistic fit of wins on EPA margin over 6,036 completed games (it names the winner 86.5% of the time). These describe what happened; one game is not a forecast. Play-by-play credits the quarterback with every sack and dropback, so a bad line shows up in his numbers. Seasons 2016–2026, built 2026-09-14 01:25 UTC, from nflverse. Write-up: backtests/nfl_game_quality/FINDINGS.md.